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Nhóm hư từ mang ý nghĩa phủ định trong Tiếng Việt . / Bùi Thanh Hoa
// Ngôn ngữ và đời sống 2014, Số 4 (222) 2014tr. 12-20. In Vietnamese, function words of negation include “không, chẳng, chả, đâu/ đâu có, nào/ nào có, khỏi, cóc, đếch, ứ, chưa” (no, not at all, do not, never, yet ). In a sense, these words, that might be used concomitantly with different subjective evaluation of speaker, deny or refute the existence of a thing, an action or a certain characteristic. These adjuncts, except “không” and “đâu”, usually stand before an expression, and can function as the object, the predicative or the complement in a sentence. In use, the above mentioned words of negation can either directly execute a speech act or indirectly supplement an utterance. Only “không” can participate in any functional language styles; others usually appear in art, living activities ỏ deliberate writing.
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汉语否定词“没(有)”和“不”对焦点敏感度的差异性 = Non-uniformity of Chinese Negators Mei(-you) and Bu towards Focus / 李宝伦；Peppina Po-lun LEE.
// Contemporary linnguistics. 2016, Vol. 18, No.3. 2016.368-386 p. "不"和"没(有)"是汉语中两个主要的否定词,以往文献把它们视为对焦点敏感的算子,并不区分它们对焦点的敏感度。Herburger(2000)提出通过事件量化(event quantification)分析英语否定词,重新检视非焦点成分对句子所述事件的量化影响,认为事件量化词的量化是受限于其辖域内的非焦点成分,该成分给出的是一个背景事件描述。Beaver和Clark(2003)也认为即使对焦点敏感的算子的释义可能与焦点直接或间接有关,也不能采取一刀切的方法处理。根据Herburger及Beaver和Clark的分析,我们提出"不"和"没(有)"对焦点的敏感程度并不一样:"不"是一个对焦点敏感的否定算子,与焦点直接关联得出"不"字句的基本释义;而由于句法上的限制,"没"必须依附于"有","没"的释义只能是对焦点间接敏感。此外,通过事件量化分析,"没"可以被看作是否定情状存在的量化词,它的释义显示,量化结构中的背景或限定部分可以通过句子去掉焦点部分得出,而焦点在"没"字句中的角色是给出非焦点或背景部分,以对与"没"有关的背景事件进行限制。
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