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从罗曼语和斯拉夫语看“给”的句法功能 = The Syntactic Function of Gei from the Perspective of Romance and Slavic Languages / 叶狂； 潘海华；YE Kuang;PAN Haihua.
// Contemporary linnguistics. 2016, Vol. 18, No.3. 2016.354-367 p. 罗曼语族和斯拉夫语族的SE一词是一个功能兼容附缀,可以标记多种句式,如逆动句、反致使句、非人称句以及中动句,这些句式的直接宾语都以非宾格形式出现。在此视角下,本文认为现代汉语动词前的"给"类似于SE,是一个典范附缀,可以标记逆动、被动和两种中动句式,还可以出现在"被、把"共现句、动词拷贝句、焦点句以及"V得"句。这八类句式都涉及动词直接(底层)宾语的离位和前置,"给"因此可以统一为谓语动词所带的宾语离位前置标记,离位类似于失去宾格宾语,但前置是汉语的独特之处。文章还认为,宾语前置只是允准"给"出现的必要条件,而非充分条件,因为动词语义也会影响"给"的出现与否。
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制约“忽然”句法位置的若干语用因素 = Pragmatic Factors Affecting the Syntactic Position of Huran. / Chu Zexiang;Liu Qi.
// Shijie Hanyu Jiaoxue. 2014, Vol. 28. 498-507 p. The paper investigates the position of the Chinese word huran(忽然)as an adverbial in a subject-predicate sentence from the perspective of pragmatics,and discusses the pragmatic factors that constrain its syntactic position,mainly from the aspects of discourse coherence,reference theory and the rule of entity first-mention.Most frequently the word huran appears after subject and serves as an adverbial,but it tends to stand before subject when it is highlighted as a discourse coherence device.In the context of the clause with huranfunctioning as the second event of a sequence,if the subject is realized by"yi(一)+classifier+noun",huranindicates the temporal background of entity firstmention and exclusively comes before the subject;if the subject,definite or indefinite,is after a temporal noun indicating a definite event,huran comes only after the subject.The different syntactic positions of huran can be explained by the relator principle and the viewpoint that entity first-mention requires a temporal background.
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母语为英语的学习者汉语语序参数重设研究 = Word Order Parameters Resetting in English Speakers’ Chinese Acquisition. / 郑丽娜.
// Language teaching and linguistic studies. 2014, No. 6 (170)
// 语言教学与研究 2014, 第6卷 (170) 11-19 p. 本研究基于书面作文语料,探讨母语为英语的学习者对汉语主要语序参数的重设。结果显示,被试成功完成了附加语参数和疑问词移位参数的重设,但在中心语参数的重设和汉语话题突出句法特性的习得上存在问题。另外,学习者汉语语序问题还表现为动词多个修饰语的错序、修饰语所修饰成分的不确定以及修饰语中方位词的缺失。本研究表明,参数在二语习得过程中可以重设,二语习得以无标记的参数"子集值"为起点,符合"子集假说",句法与语篇接口知识的习得比纯句法知识更难,符合"接口假说"。
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