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“什么”句否定意义的形成与识解机制 = On the Formation and Construal Mechanism of the Negative Meaning of Shenme-sentences / 袁毓林； 刘彬；; Yuan Yulin;Liu Bin;
// Chinese teaching in the world. shijie hanyu jioxue . 2016, No.3. 哈尔滨师范大学国际教育学院 上海师范大学对外汉语学院303-317 p This paper mainly discusses the negative usage and its cause of the interrogative pronoun shenme,and reveals the formation and construal mechanism of the negative meaning of shenme-sentences.Firstly,the paper describes seven major circumstances under which the shenme-sentence conveys negative meaning,and points out that this kind of sentence mainly negates the rationality of something(or character,behavior,opinion,etc.).Then it demonstrates that shenme usually negates the quoted content;that is,it is a kind of metalinguistic negation(pragmatic negation)instead of semantic negation.Thirdly,it reveals that the reason for the shenme-sentenceto convey negative meaning is that the object negated usually has characteristics of abnormality,which triggers the speaker’s suspicion.Under the guidance of the cognitive pattern of‘doubting the good but believing the bad’,negative speculations are formed about the related things,which makes the sentence convey negative meaning.The same cognitive pattern also applies to the hearer’s construal of such sentences.Finally,it discusses the relativity of negation to question.It points out that both negation and question are negative contexts which license downward entailment and negative polarity items.
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“别+引语”元语否定句探析 = Analysis on Metalinguistic Negation of“Bie+Quotation”. / Chen Yi;Li Guangyu.
// Shijie Hanyu Jiaoxue. 2014, Vol. 28. 486-497 p. Chinese metalinguistic negation can be divided into two types:the domain of knowing and the domain of uttering."Bie(别)+quotation"is a kind of quoted negation to correct some inappropriate discourse and induce the listener(s)to take proper actions.Meanwhile,it can also be regarded as the negation of uttering for the purpose of performing actions."Bie+quotation"can be used to negate irrealis expressions,irresponsible expressions,negative attitudes,interpersonal or interactive words,and words of a different community.There exists a complementary tendency for the choice of negation objects among the different variant forms of metalinguistic negation which can be attributed to the deeper cognitive and pragmatic resources.To discuss the ambiguity of metalinguistic negation,we should clarify the basic concepts.Whether a negation is ambiguous or not can be judged from the echoic elements.Ambiguous metalinguistic negation within the limitation of syntax can be seen as homograph with ambiguity.
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