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“床前明月光”本义与“床”—“牀”通假字说 / 周同科.
// Journal of Nanjing University: Philosophy, Humanities and social sciences 2013, Vol. 6
// 南京大学学报 : 哲学社会科学 2013, 第四集 南京 : 南京大学学报编委会, 2013tr. 118 - 125. 李白《静夜思》“床前明月光”之“床”究竟该如何理解？分歧很多.在“卧床说”、“坐具说”遍遭质疑皆不足信之后,“井栏说”得到了较多认同.从表面上看,“井栏说”诗意丰满,实际上却似是而非,训诂上存在严重缺陷,是伪命题,亦不可信.“唐人谓井栏为银床”之“银床”,当为“限牆”之误.根据字形、字理分析,“牀”、“床”并非异体字,而是通假字,二者各有本义.“床”的本义是建筑底座、台基,这个本义被完整地保留在日、韩书面语训读中.《静夜思》“床前明月光”之“床”本义应该是“檐廊”,当年李白望月思乡,不在卧床,不在几、凳,亦不在井旁,而是伫立在异乡的檐廊.
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Building verbs in Chuj : Consequences for the nature of roots / Jessica Coon.
// Journal of Linguistics 2019, Issue 1 2019.p. 35-81. This paper offers an in-depth look at roots and verb stem morphology in Chuj (Mayan) in order to address a larger question: when it comes to the formation of verb stems, what information is contributed by the root, and what is contributed by the functional heads? I show first that roots in Chuj are not acategorical in the strict sense (cf. Borer 2005), but must be grouped into classes based on their stem-forming possibilities. Root class does not map directly to surface lexical category, but does determine which functional heads (i.e. valence morphology) may merge with the root. Second, I show that while the introduction of the external argument, along with clausal licensing and agreement generally, are all governed by higher functional heads, the presence or absence of an internal argument is dictated by the root. Specifically, I show that transitive roots in Chuj always combine with an internal argument, whether it be (i) a full DP, (ii) a bare pseudo-incorporated NP, or (iii) an implicit object in an antipassive. In the spirit of work such as Levinson (2007, 2014), I connect this to the semantic type of the root; root class reflects semantic type, and semantic type affects the root’s combinatorial properties. This work also contributes to the discussion of how valence morphology operates. In line with works such as Alexiadou, Anagnostopoulou & Schäfer (2006), I argue that valence morphology applies directly to roots, rather than to some ‘inherent valence’ of a verb.
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