Dòng Nội dung
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Challenging cross-linguistic typology : Right-edge consonantal prominence in Kaqchikel / Kuniya Nasukawa. // Journal of Linguistics Vol. 55, Issue 3/2019
2019.
p. 611-641

It is known that consonants can act as boundary markers when they are located at the left edge of a prosodic domain, helping listeners to parse incoming speech. To achieve maximum efficiency in marking out boundaries, those markers should be acoustically salient. In Element Theory, domain markers are represented by the elements |H| and |ʔ|. Being inherently voiceless, these elements stand apart from the other elements, which are spontaneously voiced. Most languages show a preference for incorporating |H| or |ʔ| into segmental structures which stand at the left edge of domains. This paper challenges the universality of this view by analysing data from Kaqchikel, a K’iche’an language with a bias for marking the right edge of domains rather than the left. The marker in question is intense/prolonged noise which, in Element Theory is represented by |H|. The |H| element is present in fortis fricatives and aspirates, and in Kaqchikel it regularly appears in segments at the right edge of prosodic domains where it serves as a domain boundary marker. Boundary marking in Kaqchikel is analysed here using a Precedence-free Phonology approach to melodic structure (Nasukawa 2016) in which the linear ordering of segments is determined by the hierarchical organization of melodic units (elements) within a unified melodic–prosodic structure.

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Đối chiếu mô hình cấu trúc của thành ngữ so sánh chứa từ “как” trong tiếng Nga với mô hình cấu trúc của thành ngữ so sánh chứa từ “như” trong tiếng Việt / Đoàn Thục Anh // Tạp chí Khoa học Ngoại Ngữ Số 59/2019 (Tháng 10/2019)

tr.5-16

Idioms play a key role in the lexical system of a language. Idioms often attract researchers’ interest as these fixed phrases contain historical and cultural information for which idioms are considered the most diverse cultural-linguistic unit. There are a large number of idioms containing the word “как” in Russian and the word “như” in Vietnamese. Russian comparative idioms have yet been researched but merely mentioned in idiom dictionaries. A similar picture can be seen in Vietnamese comparative idioms. We conduct this study with an aim to analyze and describe key attributes of comparative idioms, to compare those in Russian and Vietnamese as long as to provide evidences in an independent idiom group system. On the basis of analyzing the corpus collected in idiom dictionaries and Russian-Vietnamese dictionaries as well as literary works, we contrast basic structural models of comparative idioms containing the word “как” in Russian and the word “như” in Vietnamese. Keywords: component, structural form, idiom, model.